How do the Product Liability Directive and the EU AI Act function in relation to one another?

The Product Liability Directive and the EU AI Act operate in parallel and complement each other by addressing different yet related aspects of liability and regulation in the context of artificial intelligence and products. The Product Liability Directive is focused on assigning liability for damages caused by defective products, which includes hardware and software, while the EU AI Act specifically establishes a legal framework governing the use of artificial intelligence, emphasizing risk management, compliance, and ethical standards.

This complementary relationship enables a more comprehensive regulatory environment. For example, if an AI system causes harm due to a defect, the Product Liability Directive would provide a basis for recourse against the manufacturer, while the EU AI Act would ensure the AI was developed and used in accordance with rigorous standards to minimize risks. Thus, both frameworks together help establish the legal and ethical landscape for AI, ensuring accountability while promoting innovation within safety boundaries.