What characteristic defines POPIA's implementation regarding personal data?

The characteristic that defines POPIA's implementation regarding personal data is that it mandates a risk-based approach requiring human oversight. The Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) emphasizes the need for organizations to assess and manage risks associated with the processing of personal data. This involves implementing appropriate controls and safeguards to ensure data protection is maintained, particularly in relation to the potential impacts on individuals' privacy.

Moreover, the requirement for human oversight ensures that there are people involved in decision-making processes related to data handling, which is vital for accountability and ethical considerations in data management. This human involvement is crucial, especially in instances where automated processes may result in significant outcomes for individuals.

In contrast, the other options do not align with POPIA's framework. For instance, unrestricted data processing contradicts the fundamental principles of data protection established by POPIA, which aims to limit the processing of personal data to necessary and lawful purposes. A reactive approach to data breaches would also not align with the proactive measures encouraged by the act, while a focus on universal data sharing undermines the notion of data privacy and protection that POPIA seeks to uphold.