Which entity must be updated about serious incidents involving an AI system?

The correct choice highlights the responsibility of the provider or distributor to be updated about serious incidents involving an AI system. This reflects a fundamental aspect of AI governance and accountability, as the provider or distributor typically holds the responsibility for the operation and safety of the AI system. Keeping the provider informed allows for proper risk management, incident response, and compliance with regulations.

Furthermore, the provider or distributor plays a crucial role in maintaining transparency and communications with stakeholders, ensuring that any incident is addressed effectively and that necessary measures are taken to mitigate risks. This responsibility aligns with principles of ethical AI usage, as it emphasizes the importance of accountability within the lifecycle of the AI system.

Regulators and end-users do have their roles in terms of oversight and safety, but the primary obligation to manage and respond to incidents typically lies with the provider or distributor. Their involvement is essential for rectifying issues and updating systems, fostering a safer AI environment. The algorithm itself does not have the capacity for self-awareness or management, making it irrelevant to the question of who must be informed about incidents.